Closed-Loop Quality Management Systems: Are Czech Companies Ready?
Abstract
Purpose: The paper brings set of original information related to the next quality management systems development with regard to digitalisation and other features of new era. It proposes basic structure of closed-loop quality management systems (CLQMS) as a mixture of internal, external, horizontal and vertical loops.
Methodology/Approach: Comparative literature analysis, standards’ analysis, brainstorming, field research, interviews and design review were used.
Findings: Information flows are counted as vital part of all advanced closed-loop quality management systems. Authors established definition of CLQMS. 209 of various requirements related to information exchange were discovered through study of ISO 9001:2015, IATF 16949:2016 and EFQM Model, version 2020. These requirements should create a basic platform for CLQMS establishing and development. Authors performed an empirical field research which. Confirmed that current readiness of Czech production companies for CLQMS implementation is insufficient, despite the automotive sector reaches a higher level of such readiness.
Research Limitation/Implication: The field research was performed in time span accompanied by stern measures caused by COVID-19. The only English language literature resources were considered for a literature review.
Originality/Value of paper: The paper brings original set of information, regarding to definition of the CLQMS, findings from special field research.
References
Almaraj, I.I. and Trafalis, T.B., 2019 An integrated multi-echelon robust closed-loop supply chain under imperfect quality production. International Journal of Production Economics, [e-journal] 218, pp.212-227. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.04.035.
Antony, J., Sony, M. and Cudney, E., 2020. Quality 4.0: Motivation and Challenges from a pilot survey in Europeans firms. The Future Factory, [online] Available at: < https://www.thefuturefactory.com/blog/53 > [Accessed 06 November 2021].
Bridges, M., 2021. 11 Pillars of Quality 4.0 Framework. Flevyblog, [online] 15 February. Available at: < https://flevy.com/blog/11-pillars-of-quality-4-0-framework/ > [Accessed 13 December 2021].
Carvalho, A.V., Enrique, D.V., Chouchene, A. and Charrua-Santos, F., 2021. Quality 4.0 An Overview. Procedia Computer Science, [e-journal] 181, pp-341-346. DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.176.
Chen, C.-K., Ulya, M.A. and Mancasari, U.A., 2020. A Study of Product Quality and Marketing Efforts in Closed-Loop Supply Chains with Remanufacturing. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: System, [e-journal] 50(12), pp.4870-4881. DOI: 10.1109/TSMC. 2018. 2883984.
EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management), 2019. The EFQM Model. Brussels: EFQM.
Elg, M., Birch-Jensen, A., Gremyr, I., Matin, J. and Melin, U., 2021. Digitalisation and quality management: problems and prospects. Production Planning & Control, [e-journal] 32(12), pp.990-1003. DOI: 10.1080/09537287.2020.1780509.
Franciosa, P., Sokolov, M., Sinha, S., Sun, T. and Ceglarek, D., 2020. Deep learning enhanced digital twin for Closed-Loop In-Process Quality Improvement. CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, [e-journal] 69, pp.369-372. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2020.04.110.
Goulevitch, V., 2018. Eight examples of a properly working closed-loop quality system. Control Engineering, [online] 09 January. Available at: < https://www.controleng.com/articles/eight-examples-of-a-properly-working-closed-loop-quality-system > [Accessed 03 November 2018].
Gunasekaran, A., Subramanian, N. and Ngai, W.T.E., 2019. Quality management in the 21 century enterprises: Research pathway towards Industry 4.0. International Journal of Production Economics, [e-journal] 207, pp.125-129. DOI: 10.1016/ijpe.2018.09.005.
IATF (International Automotive Task Force), 2016. IATF 16949 Quality management systems requirements for automotive production and relevant service part organizations. London: AIAG.
ISO (International Standards Office), 2015. ISO 9001 Quality management systems - Requirements. Geneve: ISO.
Jacob, D., 2017. What is Quality 4.0.? LNS Research, [online] 26 July. Available at: < https://blog.lnsresearch.com/quality40 > [Accessed 21 March 2020].
Jardine, J., 2015. Closed-Loop Quality Management Connecting the Value Chain. MasterControl, [online] 24 March. Available at: < www.mastercontrol.com/gxp-lifeline/closed-loop-quality-management-connecting-the-value-chain > [Accessed 17 November 2020].
Jasurda, D., 2012. Closed-Loop Quality Management Minimizes the Cost of Quality. Quality Digest, [online] 6 June. Available at: < https://www.qualitydigest.com/inside/quality-insider-article/closed-loop-quality-management-minimizes-cost-quality-060612 > [Accessed 17 June 2021].
Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R.P. and Suman, R., 2021. Significance of Quality 4.0 towards comprehensive enhancement in manufacturing sector. Sensors International, [e-journal] 2, pp.1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100109.
Kang, L., Shang, Y., Liu, X., Sun, Li, Z., Zhang, M., and Wu, G., 2019. Closed loop management system framework of acquisition operations and maintenance based on data homology management. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Enginnering, [e-journal] 19(S1), pp.S55-S60. DOI: 10.3233/JCM-191009.
Küpper, D., Knizek, C., Ryeson, D. and Noecker, J., 2019. Quality 4.0 Takes More Than Technology. BCG Boston Consulting Group, [online] 20 August. Available at: < https://www.bcg.com/publications/2019/quality-4.0-takes-more-than-technology > [Accessed 04 February 2020].
Littlefield, M., 2014. Closed-Loop Quality Management: What You Need to Know About It. iBASEt, [online] 06 June. Available at: < www.ibaset.com/blog/closed-loop-quality-management > [Accessed 12 December 2018].
Marsden, P., 2019. Digital Quality Management In Construction. New York: Routledge.
Masouipour, E., Amirian, H. and Sahrasian, R., 2017. A novel closed-loop supply chain based on the quality of returned products. Journal of Cleaner Production. [e-journal] 151, pp-344-355. DOI: 10.1016/j.clepro.2017.03.067.
Pérez-Lara, M., Saucedo-Martínez, J.A., Marmolejo-Saucedo, J.A., Salais-Fierro, T.E. and Vasant, P., 2020. Vertical and horizontal integration systems in Industry 4.0. Wireless Networks [e-journal] 26(1), pp.4767-4775. DOI: 10.1007/s11276-018-1873-2.
Rutter, J., 2020. What Is Closed-Loop Quality Management? Propel, [online] 13 November. Available at: < https://www.propelplm.com/blog/What-is-closed-loop-quality-management > [Accessed 3 October 2021].
Santos, G., Sá, J.C., Félix M.J., Barreto, L., Carvalho, F., Doiro, M., Zgodavova, K. and Stefanović, M., 2021. New Needed Quality Management Skills for Quality Managers 4.0. Sustainability, [e-journal] 13(11), pp.6149. DOI: 10.3390/su13116149.
Schlechtendahl, J., Keinert, M., Kretschmer, F., Lechter, A. and Verl, A., 2015. Making existing production systems Industry 4.0 ready: Holistic approach to the integration of existing production systems in Industry 4.0 environments. Production Engineering, [e-journal] 9, pp.143-148. DOI: 1007/s11740-014-0586-3.
Schumacher, A., Erol, S. and Sihn, W., 2016. A maturity model for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises. Procedia CIRP, [e-journal] 52, pp.161-166. DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.040.
Sony, M., Antony, J., Douglas, J.A. and McDermott, O., 2021. Motivations, barriers and readiness factors for Quality 4.0 implementation: an exploratory study. TQM Journal, [e-journal] 33(6), pp.1502-1515. DOI: 10.1108/TQM-11-2020-0272.
Speer, J., 2020. 3 Reasons Why Closed-Loop Traceability Is a QMS Must. Greenlight Guru, [online] 27 September. Available at: < https://www.greenlight.guru/blog/losed-loop-traceability-qms > [Accessed 30 October 2021].
Sundaram, K., 2018. Quality in the Future of Manufacturing. A Frost & Sullivan White Paper. [pdf] Siemens. Available at: < www.plm.automation.siemens.com/media/global > [Accessed 04 March 2020].
Tomic, B., 2021. Speaking of Quality: Quality 4.0 and Quality Improvements. Quality Magazine, [online] 8 September. Available at: < https://www.qualitymag.com/articles/96673 > [Accessed 06 December 2021].
Zairi, M., 2018. Super Excellence. The Path to Sustainable Superior Performance. Keighley: ECBPM Publishing House UK.
Zairi, M., 2019 Leading into the Future through Excellence. An Assessment Guide. Keighley: ECBPM Publishing House UK.
Antony, J., Sony, M. and Cudney, E., 2020. Quality 4.0: Motivation and Challenges from a pilot survey in Europeans firms. The Future Factory, [online] Available at: < https://www.thefuturefactory.com/blog/53 > [Accessed 06 November 2021].
Bridges, M., 2021. 11 Pillars of Quality 4.0 Framework. Flevyblog, [online] 15 February. Available at: < https://flevy.com/blog/11-pillars-of-quality-4-0-framework/ > [Accessed 13 December 2021].
Carvalho, A.V., Enrique, D.V., Chouchene, A. and Charrua-Santos, F., 2021. Quality 4.0 An Overview. Procedia Computer Science, [e-journal] 181, pp-341-346. DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.176.
Chen, C.-K., Ulya, M.A. and Mancasari, U.A., 2020. A Study of Product Quality and Marketing Efforts in Closed-Loop Supply Chains with Remanufacturing. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: System, [e-journal] 50(12), pp.4870-4881. DOI: 10.1109/TSMC. 2018. 2883984.
EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management), 2019. The EFQM Model. Brussels: EFQM.
Elg, M., Birch-Jensen, A., Gremyr, I., Matin, J. and Melin, U., 2021. Digitalisation and quality management: problems and prospects. Production Planning & Control, [e-journal] 32(12), pp.990-1003. DOI: 10.1080/09537287.2020.1780509.
Franciosa, P., Sokolov, M., Sinha, S., Sun, T. and Ceglarek, D., 2020. Deep learning enhanced digital twin for Closed-Loop In-Process Quality Improvement. CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, [e-journal] 69, pp.369-372. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2020.04.110.
Goulevitch, V., 2018. Eight examples of a properly working closed-loop quality system. Control Engineering, [online] 09 January. Available at: < https://www.controleng.com/articles/eight-examples-of-a-properly-working-closed-loop-quality-system > [Accessed 03 November 2018].
Gunasekaran, A., Subramanian, N. and Ngai, W.T.E., 2019. Quality management in the 21 century enterprises: Research pathway towards Industry 4.0. International Journal of Production Economics, [e-journal] 207, pp.125-129. DOI: 10.1016/ijpe.2018.09.005.
IATF (International Automotive Task Force), 2016. IATF 16949 Quality management systems requirements for automotive production and relevant service part organizations. London: AIAG.
ISO (International Standards Office), 2015. ISO 9001 Quality management systems - Requirements. Geneve: ISO.
Jacob, D., 2017. What is Quality 4.0.? LNS Research, [online] 26 July. Available at: < https://blog.lnsresearch.com/quality40 > [Accessed 21 March 2020].
Jardine, J., 2015. Closed-Loop Quality Management Connecting the Value Chain. MasterControl, [online] 24 March. Available at: < www.mastercontrol.com/gxp-lifeline/closed-loop-quality-management-connecting-the-value-chain > [Accessed 17 November 2020].
Jasurda, D., 2012. Closed-Loop Quality Management Minimizes the Cost of Quality. Quality Digest, [online] 6 June. Available at: < https://www.qualitydigest.com/inside/quality-insider-article/closed-loop-quality-management-minimizes-cost-quality-060612 > [Accessed 17 June 2021].
Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R.P. and Suman, R., 2021. Significance of Quality 4.0 towards comprehensive enhancement in manufacturing sector. Sensors International, [e-journal] 2, pp.1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100109.
Kang, L., Shang, Y., Liu, X., Sun, Li, Z., Zhang, M., and Wu, G., 2019. Closed loop management system framework of acquisition operations and maintenance based on data homology management. Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Enginnering, [e-journal] 19(S1), pp.S55-S60. DOI: 10.3233/JCM-191009.
Küpper, D., Knizek, C., Ryeson, D. and Noecker, J., 2019. Quality 4.0 Takes More Than Technology. BCG Boston Consulting Group, [online] 20 August. Available at: < https://www.bcg.com/publications/2019/quality-4.0-takes-more-than-technology > [Accessed 04 February 2020].
Littlefield, M., 2014. Closed-Loop Quality Management: What You Need to Know About It. iBASEt, [online] 06 June. Available at: < www.ibaset.com/blog/closed-loop-quality-management > [Accessed 12 December 2018].
Marsden, P., 2019. Digital Quality Management In Construction. New York: Routledge.
Masouipour, E., Amirian, H. and Sahrasian, R., 2017. A novel closed-loop supply chain based on the quality of returned products. Journal of Cleaner Production. [e-journal] 151, pp-344-355. DOI: 10.1016/j.clepro.2017.03.067.
Pérez-Lara, M., Saucedo-Martínez, J.A., Marmolejo-Saucedo, J.A., Salais-Fierro, T.E. and Vasant, P., 2020. Vertical and horizontal integration systems in Industry 4.0. Wireless Networks [e-journal] 26(1), pp.4767-4775. DOI: 10.1007/s11276-018-1873-2.
Rutter, J., 2020. What Is Closed-Loop Quality Management? Propel, [online] 13 November. Available at: < https://www.propelplm.com/blog/What-is-closed-loop-quality-management > [Accessed 3 October 2021].
Santos, G., Sá, J.C., Félix M.J., Barreto, L., Carvalho, F., Doiro, M., Zgodavova, K. and Stefanović, M., 2021. New Needed Quality Management Skills for Quality Managers 4.0. Sustainability, [e-journal] 13(11), pp.6149. DOI: 10.3390/su13116149.
Schlechtendahl, J., Keinert, M., Kretschmer, F., Lechter, A. and Verl, A., 2015. Making existing production systems Industry 4.0 ready: Holistic approach to the integration of existing production systems in Industry 4.0 environments. Production Engineering, [e-journal] 9, pp.143-148. DOI: 1007/s11740-014-0586-3.
Schumacher, A., Erol, S. and Sihn, W., 2016. A maturity model for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises. Procedia CIRP, [e-journal] 52, pp.161-166. DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.040.
Sony, M., Antony, J., Douglas, J.A. and McDermott, O., 2021. Motivations, barriers and readiness factors for Quality 4.0 implementation: an exploratory study. TQM Journal, [e-journal] 33(6), pp.1502-1515. DOI: 10.1108/TQM-11-2020-0272.
Speer, J., 2020. 3 Reasons Why Closed-Loop Traceability Is a QMS Must. Greenlight Guru, [online] 27 September. Available at: < https://www.greenlight.guru/blog/losed-loop-traceability-qms > [Accessed 30 October 2021].
Sundaram, K., 2018. Quality in the Future of Manufacturing. A Frost & Sullivan White Paper. [pdf] Siemens. Available at: < www.plm.automation.siemens.com/media/global > [Accessed 04 March 2020].
Tomic, B., 2021. Speaking of Quality: Quality 4.0 and Quality Improvements. Quality Magazine, [online] 8 September. Available at: < https://www.qualitymag.com/articles/96673 > [Accessed 06 December 2021].
Zairi, M., 2018. Super Excellence. The Path to Sustainable Superior Performance. Keighley: ECBPM Publishing House UK.
Zairi, M., 2019 Leading into the Future through Excellence. An Assessment Guide. Keighley: ECBPM Publishing House UK.
Authors
Vykydal, D., & Nenadál, J. (2022). Closed-Loop Quality Management Systems: Are Czech Companies Ready?. Quality Innovation Prosperity, 26(2), 72–87. https://doi.org/10.12776/qip.v26i2.1710
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.